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H3CTE最新笔记0.6 H3CTE考点总结 H3CTE考试资料
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H3CTE最新笔记0.6 H3CTE考点总结 H3CTE考试资料 文档节选：H3CTE考点总结(0.6版) 考试用路由器和交换机： ....................................................................................................................1 考试使用的路由器5台，型号：MSR20 ..................................................................................1 考试使用的交换机：3-5台，型号：H3C-S3610.....................................................................1 考场概况：....................................................................................................................................2 考场实战经验（远程考试）........................................................................................................2 第一章：故障排除故障........................................................................................................................2 故障排除过程文档化....................................................................................................................2 路由器常用诊断工具介绍............................................................................................................4 ping 命令： ...........................................................................................................................4 tracert命令.............................................................................................................................4 display命令（重点） ...........................................................................................................4 reset 命令(用户模式下) .......................................................................................................6 debugging 命令.....................................................................................................................7 第二章：设备启动、广域网接口及以太网故障查询......................................................................7 同步异步串口................................................................................................................................7 第三章：数据链路层故障排除............................................................................................................8 PPP协议故障排除.........................................................................................................................8 考试重点： ............................................................................................................................8 PPP工作步骤： ....................................................................................................................8 MSR系列路由器PPP双向CHAP验证功能配置...........................................................8 MSR系列路由器PPP双向PAP验证功能配置...............................................................9 如何提高用户权限(考试注意) ..........................................................................................10 PPP验证失败考点注意......................................................................................................10 MP技术考试注意点(MP-GROUP)...................................................................................11 考点：MP技术，两个物理端口没有捆绑上.................................................................11 VLAN协议故障排除..................................................................................................................12 交换机端口的模式和类型： .............................................................................................12 查看交换机所有端口列表信息.........................................................................................12 显示端口确实通过的VLAN和允许通过的VLAN ......................................................13 ACCESS端口和TRUNK端口的配置.............................................................................13 VLAN错误点三个总结.....................................................................................................14 VLAN间的路由方式..........................................................................................................15 GVRP考点（动态学习VLAN，必须相同的厂家）....................................................15 STP协议故障排除......................................................................................................................16 MSTP的基本概念..............................................................................................................16 MSTP配置命令...................................................................................................................16 查看MSTP配置情况： .....................................................................................................17 查询域设置的情况：..........................................................................................................17 第四章：路由协议故障排除..............................................................................................................18 路由优先级列表-H3C.................................................................................................................18 静态路由协议...............................................................................................................................18 RIP路由协议故障排除...............................................................................................................18 显示路由表的命令：..........................................................................................................18 RIP V2的配置命令.............................................................................................................19 RIP路由协议2大考点......................................................................................................19 静默路由口的特点..............................................................................................................19 OSPF协议故障排除....................................................................................................................20 OSPF协议考点...................................................................................................................20 OSPF的基本概念...............................................................................................................20 OSPF的基本配置...............................................................................................................20 查看OSPF信息的命令：..................................................................................................21 OSPF路由引入...................................................................................................................23 OSPF开销计算...................................................................................................................23 OSPF外部路由类型...........................................................................................................24 OSPF路由协议认证...........................................................................................................24 OSPF路由策略...................................................................................................................24 OSPF的类型修改： ...........................................................................................................25 BGP路由协议故障排除.............................................................................................................26 BGP协议基本知识点.........................................................................................................26 BGP邻居=BGP PEER 对等体..........................................................................................26 通过二端物理口IP建立BGP邻居.................................................................................26 通过两个端口的LOOPBACK环回建立BGP邻居......................................................27 TE考试通常连接方式：....................................................................................................28 BGP路由手工宣告两种方式............................................................................................28 BGP路由的传递.................................................................................................................28 最优路由的传递..................................................................................................................29 BGP的度量/属性................................................................................................................29 RR反射方案........................................................................................................................29 BGP3个必须遵守的属性...................................................................................................30 第五章：网络应用故障排除..............................................................................................................30 DHCP应用..................................................................................................................................30 CBQ(QOS的队列技术) ..............................................................................................................31 第六章：安全VPN故障排除............................................................................................................32 VPN技术简介..............................................................................................................................32 GRE隧道故障排除.....................................................................................................................32 GRE隧道技术的特点： ....................................................................................................32 GRE隧道基本配置：.........................................................................................................32 IPsec 和GRE的比较：.....................................................................................................33 IKE和IPSEC故障排除.............................................................................................................33 IPSEC VPN特点.................................................................................................................33 IPSEC VPN的两个组件.....................................................................................................33 IPSEC VPN的建立过程： ................................................................................................34 私网IP如何传递数据DATA： ........................................................................................34 主模式（固定端口IP）的IPSEC VPN的配置..............................................................34 双层隧道：GRE OVER IPSEC .........................................................................................35 NAT穿越.....................................................................................................................................37 VRRP虚拟路由器冗余协议......................................................................................................38 实现：网关的主备功能.....................................................................................................38 VRRP认证...........................................................................................................................38 VRRP错误点.......................................................................................................................38 VRRP跟踪上行端口..........................................................................................................39 第七章：故障排除模拟测试..............................................................................................................39 PPP协议故障排除模拟实验......................................................................................................39 第八章：附录......................................................................................................................................40 子网的计算，解决掩码不一致导致的问题.............................................................................40 子网的计算..........................................................................................................................40 广播地址的计算..................................................................................................................40 有效地址的计算..................................................................................................................40
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